{"Disinfectants":[{"contaminant":"Chlorine","uom":"ppm","federal_limit":"4","level_lvng_flp":"2.09","level_lvng_flp_low":"1.53","source":"Additive used in water treatment process to control bacteria.","characteristics":"A yellow-green gas that dissolves easily in water and is safe in the amounts used for drinking water disinfection. Some people are more sensitive to the smell or taste of chlorine.","notes":"N\/A"},{"contaminant":"Chlorine Dioxide","uom":"ppb","federal_limit":"800","level_lvng_flp":"190","level_lvng_flp_low":"38","source":"Additive used in water treatment process to control bacteria.","characteristics":"A yellow to reddish gas with an acrid smell that is only harmful in large amounts in water, or when inhaled as a gas.","notes":"N\/A"},{"contaminant":"Chlorite","uom":"ppm","federal_limit":"1","level_lvng_flp":"0.82","level_lvng_flp_low":"0.41","source":"By-product of drinking water disinfection.","characteristics":"A light to dark green, grayish-green or black mineral. Chlorite is created when chlorine dioxide is used to disinfect drinking water and to control odor and taste in the water treatment process.","notes":"N\/A"},{"contaminant":"Haloacetic Acids (HAA5)","uom":"ppb","federal_limit":"60","level_lvng_flp":"21.0","level_lvng_flp_low":"21.0","source":"By-product of drinking water disinfection.","characteristics":"HAA5s result from a reaction between the chlorine used for disinfecting tap water and naturally occurring organic matter in the water. Excessive levels can cause nervous system and liver effects.","notes":"Compliance is based on each locations running annual average (LRAA). The LRAA for the site with 70.5 was 30.6."},{"contaminant":"Total Hardness","uom":"ppm","federal_limit":"N\/A","level_lvng_flp":"122","level_lvng_flp_low":"122","source":"Hardness is caused by compounds of calcium and magnesium, and by a variety of other metals.","characteristics":"The highest total hardness that City Utilities had last year was 160 ppm.  ","notes":"There is no Federal Standard for total hardness as utilities are not required to soften the water."},{"contaminant":"Total Trihalomethanes (TTHMs)","uom":"ppb","federal_limit":"80","level_lvng_flp":"33.9","level_lvng_flp_low":"33.9","source":"By-product of drinking water disinfection.","characteristics":"Trihalomethanes (THMs) are a group of four chemicals that result from a reaction between the chlorine used for disinfecting tap water and naturally occurring organic matter in the water. They are Cancer Group B carcinogens (shown to cause cancer in laboratory animals) and their presence in drinking water is highly regulated.","notes":"Compliance is based on each locations running annual average (LRAA). The LRAA for the site with 118.5 was 60.7."}],"Inorganic Compounds":[{"contaminant":"Flouride","uom":"ppm","federal_limit":"4","level_lvng_flp":"0.84","level_lvng_flp_low":"0.84","source":"Erosion of natural deposits; water additive that promotes strong teeth; or discharge from fertilizer and aluminum factories.","characteristics":"Some amount of fluoride occurs naturally in water, and the right amount in drinking water has been shown to help tooth decay. Its presence in drinking water does not affect the water's appearance, taste or smell. Although the federal MCL is 4 ppm, City Utilities is committed to complying with the U.S. Public Health Service's recommended level of 0.7 ppm.","notes":"N\/A"},{"contaminant":"Nitrate","uom":"ppm","federal_limit":"10","level_lvng_flp":"2.029","level_lvng_flp_low":"2.029","source":"Runoff from fertilizer use; leaching from septic systems; sewage discharge; or erosion of natural deposits.","characteristics":"Nitrate (NO3) is a common contaminant found in groundwater that can have serious health effects if consumed at high levels. Common sources of nitrate in groundwater are fertilizers, livestock waste, and human waste associated with septic and municipal wastewater systems. Nitrate is colorless, odorless and tasteless. Drinking water containing nitrate above the standard is not safe for human consumption, especially for infants six months of age and younger, and pregnant and nursing women.","notes":"N\/A"},{"contaminant":"Nitrite","uom":"ppm","federal_limit":"1","level_lvng_flp":"0.076","level_lvng_flp_low":"0.076","source":"Runoff from fertilizer use; leaching from septic systems; sewage discharge; or erosion of natural deposits.","characteristics":"Nitrite (NO2) is a contaminant related to nitrate, with similar physical properties. It is typically present in groundwater to a much lesser extent than nitrate because it is rapidly converted to nitrate. Drinking water containing nitrite above the standard is not safe for human consumption, especially for infants six months of age and younger, and pregnant and nursing women.","notes":"N\/A"},{"contaminant":"Sodium","uom":"ppm","federal_limit":"N\/A","level_lvng_flp":"28","level_lvng_flp_low":"28","source":"Naturally present in the environment. Elevated levels may be caused by road salt storage and application, industrial wastes, sewage, fertilizers, water softeners or proximity to saltwater.","characteristics":"Sodium occurs naturally in the environment, and elevated levels may cause water to taste salty. Sodium in drinking water normally presents no health risks, as about 99 percent of the daily salt intake is from food and only about one percent from water. It is therefore only a health concern for those on low-sodium diets.","notes":"N\/A"},{"contaminant":"Barium","uom":"ppm","federal_limit":"2","level_lvng_flp":"0.031","level_lvng_flp_low":"0.031","source":"Industrial waste; mixing of natural saline and brine waters; salt water intrusion; or other sources.","characteristics":"Barium is a lustrous, machinable metal which exists in nature only in ores containing mixtures of elements.  Barium can cause increased blood pressure, gastrointestinal problems, muscle weakness, and may affect the nervous and circulatory systems.","notes":"N\/A"},{"contaminant":"Chromium","uom":"ppb","federal_limit":"100","level_lvng_flp":"0.91","level_lvng_flp_low":"0.91","source":"Discharging from still and pulp mills or erosion of natural deposits.","characteristics":"Chromium is an odorless and tasteless metallic element found naturally in rocks, plants, soil and volcanic dust, and animals. Two forms commonly occur in water: Trivalent chromium (chromium-3) and Hexavalent chromium (chromium-6). Chromium-3 is an essential human dietary element and is found in many vegetables, fruits, meats, grains, and yeast. Chromium-6 occurs naturally in the environment from the erosion of natural chromium deposits. It can also be produced by industrial processes. There are demonstrated instances of chromium being released to the environment by leakage, poor storage, or inadequate industrial waste disposal practices. Continued exposure to chromium-6 could result in allergic dermatitis (skin reactions), and studies are being performed to determine whether it may be a human carcinogen if ingested.","notes":"N\/A"}],"Microbiological Contaminants":[{"contaminant":"Total Coliform (bacteria)","uom":"%","federal_limit":"5","level_lvng_flp":"4.9","level_lvng_flp_low":"4.9","source":"Naturally present in the environment.","characteristics":"Total coliform is a group of related bacteria that are generally not harmful to humans. EPA considers total coliforms a useful indicator of other pathogens (potentially harmful bacteria, parasites, and viruses) for drinking water.","notes":"N\/A"},{"contaminant":"Turbidity","uom":"%","federal_limit":"95-100","level_lvng_flp":"100","level_lvng_flp_low":"100","source":"Soil Runoff.","characteristics":"Turbidity is the cloudiness or haziness of water caused by large numbers of individual particles that are generally invisible to the naked eye, similar to smoke in the air. Higher turbidities can cause aesthetic issues or inhibit the ability of a treatment system to disinfect the water.","notes":""},{"contaminant":"Turbidity","uom":"NTU","federal_limit":"1","level_lvng_flp":"0.17","level_lvng_flp_low":"0.17","source":"Soil runoff.","characteristics":"Turbidity is the cloudiness or haziness of water caused by large numbers of individual particles that are generally invisible to the naked eye, similar to smoke in the air. Higher turbidities may affect the taste or odor of drinking water and can affect the ability of a treatment system to disinfect the water.","notes":"TT stands for Treatment Technique, a required process intended to reduce the level of a contaminant in drinking water."},{"contaminant":"Cryptosporidium","uom":"oocysts\/100L","federal_limit":"0","level_lvng_flp":"0","level_lvng_flp_low":"0","source":"Human and animal fecal waste.","characteristics":"Cryptosporidium is a microbial pathogen that may be found in surface water such as rivers, lakes and streams throughout the U.S. Ingestion of cryptosporidium may cause cryptosporiodiosis, an abdominal infection. Symptoms of the infection include nausea, diarrhea and abdominal cramps. Cryptosporidium must be ingested to cause disease, and it may be spread through means other than drinking water. Most healthy individuals can overcome the diesease within a few weeks. However, immune-compromised people, infants, small children and the elderly are at greater risk for developing life-threatening illness. City Utilities uses an ultraviolet (UV) disinfection system to eliminate Cryptosporidium.","notes":"Compliance achieved! TT stands for Treatment Technique, a required process intended to reduce the level of a contaminant in drinking water."}],"Inorganic Contaminants":[{"contaminant":"Copper","uom":"ppm","federal_limit":"1.3","level_lvng_flp":"0.0577","level_lvng_flp_low":"0.0577","source":"Erosion of natural deposits or corrosion of household plumbing systems.","characteristics":"All living organisms, including humans, need copper to survive; therefore, a trace amount of copper in our diet is necessary for good health. However, some forms of copper or excess amounts can also cause health problems. Copper contamination may cause water to taste bitter.","notes":"Measured in ppm. 90% of samples taken must be below the Allowed Level of 1.3. Data provided is for samples taken July - December 2022. "}],"Synthetic Organic Compounds":[{"contaminant":"Atrazine","uom":"ppb","federal_limit":"3","level_lvng_flp":"0.14","level_lvng_flp_low":"0.14","source":"Runoff of herbicide used on row crops","characteristics":"N\/A","notes":""}],"Unregulated Compounds":[{"contaminant":"Metolachlor","uom":"ppb","federal_limit":"N\/A","level_lvng_flp":".18","level_lvng_flp_low":".18","source":"Runoff of herbicide used on row crops","characteristics":"N\/A","notes":""}]}